Golden Temple (Harmandir Sahib)
The Golden Temple, also known as Harmandir Sahib, located in Amritsar, Punjab, is the holiest shrine of Sikhism and a global symbol of equality, humility, and selfless service, welcoming people of all faiths without distinction.
Sikh
Punjab
North India
OVERVIEW
Harmandir Sahib, popularly known as the Golden Temple, is the most sacred site in Sikhism and the spiritual heart of the Sikh community. Situated in the city of Amritsar, the shrine was conceived as a place of worship open to all, regardless of caste, creed, or religion—an idea central to Sikh philosophy.
The temple stands at the centre of the Amrit Sarovar, the sacred pool from which the city of Amritsar derives its name. Unlike many religious structures that are elevated or enclosed, Harmandir Sahib is deliberately built at a lower level, symbolising humility. The shrine has four entrances, one on each side, signifying openness to people from all directions and walks of life.
The present structure, adorned with gold-plated upper floors and intricate marble work, reflects later architectural embellishments, while the spiritual practices within remain rooted in the teachings of the Sikh Gurus. The Guru Granth Sahib, the holy scripture of Sikhism, is enshrined here and recited continuously, forming the devotional core of the temple.
Beyond its religious significance, the Golden Temple is a living institution where faith is expressed through action, most visibly in the tradition of langar, the community kitchen that serves free meals daily to thousands of visitors, embodying the Sikh principles of equality and seva (selfless service).
DID YOU KNOW?
The Golden Temple’s langar is one of the largest free community kitchens in the world, serving tens of thousands of meals every day, prepared and served largely by volunteers.
The shrine’s four entrances were a radical architectural and social statement at the time of its construction, reinforcing the Sikh belief that spiritual spaces must be open and accessible to all.
Despite its name, the Golden Temple is not merely a monument; it is an active place of worship where prayers, music, and service continue uninterrupted throughout the day and night.
HOW TO REACH
The Golden Temple is located in Amritsar, Punjab, and is easily accessible by air, rail, and road.
By Air:
Sri Guru Ram Dass Jee International Airport is the nearest airport, located approximately 13 km from the Golden Temple. Taxis and app-based cabs are readily available.
By Rail:
Amritsar Junction Railway Station is about 2 km from the temple complex and is well connected to major cities across India.
By Road:
Amritsar is approximately 450 km from Delhi and is well connected by national highways. Regular bus services operate from Delhi, Chandigarh, and other cities in North India.
FESTIVALS & EVENTS
The Golden Temple observes several important Sikh festivals, marked by special prayers, processions, and kirtan.
Gurpurabs (birth anniversaries of Sikh Gurus), especially Guru Nanak Dev Ji Gurpurab (October–November), are among the most significant occasions.
Baisakhi (April) marks the formation of the Khalsa and is celebrated with great devotion and community participation.
On these occasions, the temple complex witnesses very large gatherings, and the devotional atmosphere is particularly vibrant.
WHERE TO STAY
Amritsar offers a wide range of accommodation options, including budget lodges, mid-range hotels, and premium stays. Many visitors prefer staying near the Golden Temple for easy access, while others choose hotels in other parts of the city and commute.
VISITOR GUIDELINES & TIPS
Visitors are required to cover their heads before entering the Golden Temple premises. Modest attire is expected, and shoes must be removed before entry.
Photography is permitted in certain areas of the complex but may be restricted inside the sanctum. Visitors are encouraged to maintain silence and decorum, especially during prayers and recitations.
Participating in or observing the langar is open to all visitors, regardless of religious background.
NEARBY SACRED PLACES
Several Sikh shrines of religious importance are located within and around Amritsar.
Akal Takht Sahib — Located within the Golden Temple complex, it is the highest seat of temporal authority in Sikhism and one of the five Takhts.
Durgiana Temple — A prominent Hindu temple dedicated to Goddess Durga, located about 1 km from the Golden Temple, reflecting the city’s shared religious landscape.